Research and development expenditure in New Zealand and selected OECD countries as a proportion of GDP

Research and development (R&D): R&D performed by enterprises are generally investigative work that is of actual or potential use in the development of new or enhanced materials, products, devices, processes, or services. R&D directed towards duplicating work already developed by others is only included if the knowledge or technology required for the development is not available to the enterprise.

GDP is based on Stats NZ's GDP current price expenditure measure for the year ended 31 March. GDP figures for 2021 are provisional.
Stats NZ sourced figures for countries other than New Zealand from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI).

http://datainfoplus.stats.govt.nz/Item/nz.govt.stats/4394653f-7947-487b-b0c7-dd48edb45822#/nz.govt.stats/aebdaaeb-a440-4869-8db0-928cb2f03a97

Only businesses that Stats NZ pre-identified as carrying out R&D are included. The business sector includes central and local government-owned trading enterprises.
The government sector excludes central and local government-owned trading enterprises but includes scientific research.
The higher education sector includes 8 universities (and their commercial arms).

Expenditure figures exclude GST.

The 2021 R&D Survey was conducted for the business sector only, from August–December 2021. Businesses were asked to report on the last financial year for which information was available as at August 2021.
The R&D Survey usually runs every two years (even years), but in 2019 and 2021, Stats NZ ran special business sector-only iterations. These special iterations were to help measure any impacts from the research and development tax incentive, that came into effect for the 2019/20 April tax year.

At URL provided, download 'Research and development survey: 2021' from the 'Download Data' heading

The Research and Development Survey, conducted every two years, is a joint survey with the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE). The survey measures the level of research and development (R&D) activity, employment, and expenditure by business sector enterprises, government departments, government-owned trading entities, and universities.

The R&D Survey is a postal survey consisting of four questionnaires: a business questionnaire, a government questionnaire, a CRI questionnaire, and a higher education (universities) questionnaire. These questionnaires are specifically designed to capture data on R&D from these different organisation types.
Stats NZ requested information for the last financial year within the 12 months ending 30 September.