International Comparisons - Income distribution and poverty in OECD countries 2001–2016

Equivalised household disposable income: total income received by the households less the current taxes and transfers they pay, adjusted for household size with an equivalence scale.
Gini Coefficient: The Gini coefficient is based on the comparison of cumulative proportions of the population against cumulative proportions of income they receive, and it ranges between 0 in the case of perfect equality and 1 in the case of perfect inequality.
Palma Ratio: The Palma ratio is the share of all income received by the 10% people with highest disposable income divided by the share of all income received by the 40% people with the lowest disposable income.
Poverty rate: The ratio of the number of people who fall below the poverty line and the total population; the poverty line is here taken as half the median household income (poverty line 50%)
Poverty gap: The percentage by which the mean income of the poor falls below the poverty line.
P90/P10 disposable income decile ratio: Ratio of the upper bound value of the ninth decile (i.e. the 10% of people with highest income) to that of the upper bound value of the first decile.
P90/P50 disposable income decile ratio: Ratio of the upper bound value of the ninth decile to the median income
P50/P10 disposable income decile ratio: Ratio of median income to the upper bound value of the first decile
S80/S20 disposable income quintile share: Share of all income received by the top quintile divided by the share of the first, or the ratio of the average income of the top quintile to that of the first.

http://www.oecd.org/social/soc/IDD-Metadata.pdf

Data calculated according to the new OECD Terms of reference is flagged as 'New income definition since 2012'. Compared to previous terms of reference, these include a more detail breakdown of current transfers received and paid by households as well as a revised definition of household income, including the value of goods produced for own consumption as an element of self-employed income.

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The OECD Income Distribution database (IDD) has been developed to benchmark and monitor countries’ performance in the field of income inequality and poverty.